Manufacture of hose pipes



D. E. F. CANNEY MANUFACTURE OF HOSE PIPES July 11, 1944.

2 sheeis-sheet 1 Filed Dec'.

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-July 1l, 1944. D. E. F. CANNEY MANUFACTURE OF HOSE PIPES Filed Dec. l2,1940 2 SlleeLS-SheefI 2 Patented July n, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE l I murao'rzsvnos'a rnussl l Edward Farmar Canney. Bentham,Enrland, assignor to The Sillick Holding Company Limited,Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Northumbcr land, England Application December 12,1940, Serial No. 369,893

In Great Britain January 28, 194

-60k-lint.

This invention relates to vtire manufacture of seamless woven hosepipes. such as are used by fire brigades and onboard ship, and has forits object to provide a hose pipe of this type lwhich has the strengthof normally woven hose but the additional advantage of reduced porosity.

The invention consists in modifying the normal process of weaving thehose on a circular loom by applying to the weft yarn, prior to itsintroduction into the fabric, a thin film of rubber latex or othersealing material in liquid form, so that the weft yarn is woven into thefabric in a wet condition. It is thought that it would not be convenientto apply rubber latex in this way when weaving on a flat' loom, aslittle control would be exercised over it and the latex could not beconfined adequately to those parts of the fabric where no immediatesubsequent mechanical action has to be performed, which would tend toclogging of the essential parts of the loom. In the case of the circularloom, however, control of the rubber latex is easier owing to theabsence of any beating up operation.

While it is preferred to employ rubber latex as the sealing agent, it isnevertheless within the invention to employ Aas the sealing agent anyliquid material which will subsequently dry to a flexible solid and,when dry, reduce the porosity ofthe hose,Y for example solutions ofrubber in organicsolvents or cellulose compositions such as celluloseacetate compositions.

Moreover the invention is not confined to the manufacture of iire hose,but may also be used in the weaving of tubes of large diameter which aresubsequently cutl to form rubber-impregnated sheets. 4 The invention mayalso be advantageously employed for the manufacture of garden hose;

According to a feature of the invention, instead of employing a solidguide for the weft as is customary in circular looms, a hollow guide maybe used so that the weft yarn will be kept out of contact with the warpyarns until the moment at which it actually becomes part of the cloth,so that the rubber latex only meets the warp yarns at a stage when thereis no further mechanical action on the fabric by parts likely to becomecontaminated with the rubber latex. The rubber latex is of course tosome extent squeezed over the warp yarns as the weft yarn is introducedbetween them. As however the warp yarns are at this stage virtually partof the woven. cloth, this will not result in any uncontrolleddistribution of the`rubber latex but only has the desirable consequencethat the rubber latex will be caused to fill partially or completely theinterstices in the fabric, thus, when dry, producing the required.

sealing eect and reducing the porosity of the hose. The amount of rubberlatex applied to the yarn is controlled by the relation between theporosity is very materially reduced as compared with an unlined andunimpregnated hose, has very little additional weight. g

The invention includes a hose made by the above -mentioned process whichis differentiated from a hose impregnated with rubber after weaving byreason of the fact that the rubber latex is applied around or'betweenthe yarns as distinct from application to or impregnation from one orother surface of the hose. It is however within the invention to apply asufllciently thick film of rubber latex to the weft yarn to cause aportion of the latex to exude on to the inner or outer sur face of thehose or both. Where the latex exudes to the outer surface of the hose ithas the effect of increasing the resistance of the hose to abrasion.

The invention also includes a circular loom, having a device forapplying to the weft yarn a film of rubber latex or other sealing agentin liquid form prior to its introduction into the fabric, and a hollowweft guide for maintaining the wet we: yarn out of contact with the warpyarns and loom parts until the moment of Weaving.

It will be appreciated that the invention is distinguished fromproposals to Weave hose from yarn previously coated with rubber latex,for example during' the spinning process, by reason of the fact that thelatex is applied -to the yarn immediately prior to weaving, for example,by drawing the weft yarn through a bath of rubber latex on its way tothe point of weaving, so that the weft yarn is woven into the cloth in awet condition. A hose Woven from such previously coated yarn would nothave the interstices between the yarns filled in the course of weaving.

The rubber latex may be compounded in such a way that it is alreadyvulcansed, or alternatively so that it can be vulcanised after weaving.If desired the hose may be sold with the compounded latex in theunvulcanised condition.

The invention is particularly applicable to the manufacture of flaxhose, but can also be used in the case of hose woven from almost anyother type of yarn, for example cotton or hemp.

One method of carrying the invention into l applying rubber latex` tothe weft yarn in cordance with the invention,

Figure 2 is a section along the line II-II in Figure 1, and

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing the trough forapplying the rubber latex to the weft and the hollow guide for the weft.

Like reference numerals indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

'I'he warp yarns I0 pass from bobbins (not shown) over a comb bar II,rollers I2, I3, a tensioning device I 4 and a second comb bar I5. to thehealds I8. 'I'here are twelve groups of healds disposed symmetricallyaround the machine, one group only being fully illustrated. 'I'he healdsare slidably mounted on guide rods IfI, and alternate healds are raisedand lowered to form the shed by means of the cam controlled mechanismshown in Figure 2. All the down healds in 'the group are interconnectedby a bar I8 pivotally connected to a link I9, and all the up healds aresimilarly interconnected by a -bar 20 piv'otally connected to a link 2i.The links I9, 2i are pivoted to opposite ends of a rocking bar 22 whichis pivoted centrally at 23 to the machine frame. This bar is rocked toand fro at the proper times "by a system of links 24, 25, 2t controlledby a cam plate 2 keyed to a hollow shaft 3i driven by a. bevel gear 32.As the cam plate 2 rotates it causes a slide 28 carrying the pivot 29 ofthe link 25 to travel up and down in guides 3i! and thereby rock the bar22 to and fro to change the shed at the proper time.

Two rotary shuttles 35 are provided for the weft yarn. These are locatedat diametrically opposite points and are of identical construction sothat one only need be described.

The shuttle is supported by a frame 36, carrying a weft package or cop3l, a trough te containing a supply of rubber latex 39, and a hollowguide dil from which the weft yarn di emerges at the point of weave A.The weft yarn di leaving the cop 3l passes over tensioning devices (notshown) under a roller d2 in the trough 3d and through a tube d3 leadingfrom the trough into the hollow guide im. As explained above, thefunction of the hollow guide I is to maintain the wet weft yarn out ofcontact with the warp yarns until it is actually woven into the fabricat the point A, which of course travels circumteeth I on the shuttleframe 3B. 'I'he shuttle is therefore caused/to revolve around thevertical axis of the machine taking the drive from the pinions 50 inturn.

i YjfIhe shuttle frame carries spreaders 33, 34 for 'the warp yarns andis supported by two lower vertical rollers 52 running on a track 53 andby an upper vertical roller 54 running on a track 55. -It is alsosupported by pairs of upper and lower horizontal rollers 56, 57 whichrun respectively on tracks 58, i9 which are slotted to permit of thepassage of the warp yarns.

- ferentially around the core 34 on which the hose It will be understoodthat the healds are operated in proper timed relationship to the shut.tles, so that each shed is being opened as the nose at the leading edgeof the shuttle frame enters it, is fully open as the deepest part of theshuttle passes through and is thereafter closed.

the change in the shed having taken place before the passage of thehollow guide B0, the end of which constitutes the trailing edge of theshuttle. What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by LettersPatent is:

l. A method of manufacturing a fabric hose by weaving on a circularloom, which is characterised by the steps of applying a lm of sealingagent in liquid form to the weft yarn prior to its meeting the warpyarns, which are woven dry in the vordinary way, maintaining the wetweft yam out of contact with the dry warp yarns until the moment ofweaving and then weaving it into the fabric in the wet condition, thesealing agent subsequently drying and serving to reduce the porosity ofthe hose.

2. A method of manufacturing a fabric hose by weaving on a circularloom, which is characterised by the steps of applying al lm of rubberlatex to the weft yarn prior to its meeting the warp yarns, which arewoven dry in the ordinary way, maintaining the wet weft yarn out o1'contact with the dry warp yarns until the moment of weaving and thenweaving it into the fabric in a wet condition, the rubber latexsubsequently drying and serving to reduce the porosity of the hose.

3. In a circular loom, the combination of a device for applying to theweft yarn a film of sealing agent in liquid form prior to itsintroduction into the fabric and a hollow weft guide for maintaining thewet weft yarn out 0f contact with the warp yarns until the moment ofweaving.

.4. In a shuttle for a circular loom carrying a weft package, thecombination with the weft package of a bath to contain a liquid sealingagent, means for guiding the weft yarn through the bath on its passagefrom the package to the point of weave, and a hollow weft guide disposedbetween the bath and the point of weave and serving to maintain the wetweft yarn out of contact with the warp yarns unil it reaches the pointof Weave.

5. The method of manufacturing a fabric hose by weaving on a circularloom which comprises applying to the weft yarn, before the weft and warpyarns are interwoven, a sealing agent which is in liquid form at thetime of such application but which will dry upon exposure and becomesolid and, while the sealing agent is in liquid condition, interweavingthe weft yarn with warp yarn which has not been so treated, to formfabric, the sealing agent being thereafter permitted to solidify, theporosity of the fabric being thereby reduced.

6. The method of manufacturing a fabric hose by weaving on a circularloom which comprises applying to the weft yarn, before the weft and warpyarns are interwoven, a lm or coating of "rubber latex in liquid formand, While such latex

